Differentiate Connection-less and Connection-Oriented Protocol.

Question: Differentiate Connection-less and Connection-Oriented Protocol. 

Answer

Connection-less Protocol

In a connectionless protocol, frames are sent from one node to the next without any relationship between the frames; each frame is independent. Note that the term connectionless here does not mean that there is no physical connection (transmission medium) between the nodes; it means that there is no connection between frames. The frames are not numbered and there is no sense of ordering. Most of the data-link protocols for LANs are connectionless protocols.

Connection-Oriented Protocol

In a connection-oriented protocol, a logical connection should first be established between the two nodes (setup phase). After all frames that are somehow related to each other are transmitted (transfer phase), the logical connection is terminated (teardown phase). In this type of communication, the frames are numbered and sent in order. If they are not received in order, the receiver needs to wait until all frames belonging to the same set are received and then deliver them in order to the network layer. Connection Oriented protocols are rare in wired LANs, but we can see them in some point-to-point protocols, some wireless LANs, and some WANs.

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