#FUN_LEARN..

Tuesday, 23 March 2021

PWM || Pulse Width Modulation Lab Experiment || ScienTech 2110 Kit || PWM Lab || Practical

Here I have explained PWM Lab Experiment.

Saturday, 10 October 2020

Guidelines to use Zoom App (For Faculty)

Guidelines to use Zoom App (For Faculty)

Step 1:

Always Schedule the meeting. It will keep your Login link, User Id and Password same every time. (So your saved default settings will be remain as it is)

(If you are creating New Meeting, It will not going to apply your saved default setting. Every time you have to set your required setting manually)

Step 2:

Keep one students list in hard copy with you. Check and allow if the name and roll no is from the class only.

Keep habit of taking attendance by name only (don’t take it by Er No). Guide students to keep their DP image where face could be seen clear. (like a passport size photo)

(Instruct Students to set their name as per the format: Erno_name_surname

After 5 minutes of starting make waiting room option enable. You can find in option in participants dialog box.

Step 3: Disable the option “Allow Participants to Rename Themselves“. You can find in option in participants dialog box.

Step 4: Set Chat option to “Host Only“. You can find this option in chat dialog box.

Step 5: If you are using screen sharing option then “Disable participants annotation”.

You can keep use this option “Show Names of Annotators”

Step 6: You can share your computer sound with the students using “Share computer sound”.

The other common guidelines you might be already aware.

Friday, 11 September 2020

Design Voltage Follower

Design a voltage follower (i.e., ideally voltage gain of 1).

Answer:

Voltage follower that means it follows the input voltage.

So it will be same as input signal voltage. ( Vo = Vin )

so to make this condition we have to make gain = 1 in non-inverting configuration.

( Here we can not use inverting configuration because it is not possible there as its equation is

Here -ve sign is there )

so now let us make voltage follower from the non-inverting configuration.

Put gain A = 1 in equation

This says that $R_{f}$ must be 0 $Ω$ . Practically speaking, that means that $R_{f}$ is replaced with a shorting wire.

What about $R_{i}$ ? Theoretically, almost any value will do. As long as there's a choice, consider infinite. Zero divided by infinite is certainly zero.

The practical benefit of choosing $R_{i} = \infty$ is that you may delete $R_{i}$ . The resulting circuit is shown in Figure.

4.2.4.png

This is how we can make voltage follower.

Op-Amp Example 3

Determine the output voltage for the circuit in Figure .

4.2.9.png

First of all here check for the type of the circuit. ( Inverting or Non-Inverting ? )

Here from the circuit, input is given to the - ve input terminal so It is Inverting configuration

So using the equation

first i will find the gain

Now to find the output voltage

Here from the figure you can find the Vin value

Op-amp example 2

What is the value of gain of the circuit mentioned below

4.2.2.png

First of all here check for the type of the circuit. ( Inverting or Non-Inverting ? )

Here from the circuit, input is given to the +ve input terminal so It is Non-Inverting configuration

So using the equation

Gain is 11.

Op-amp Example 1

Op-amp Example

Find the closed loop gain of the following inverting amplifier circuit.

Solution:

First of all here check for the circuit. ( is it inverting or non-inverting ?)

Here input is at the -ve terminal so it is inverting configuration.

Using the formula for the gain of the inverting op-amp circuit

inverting op-amp gain

we can now substitute the values of the resistors in the circuit as follows,

Rin = 10kΩ and Rƒ = 100kΩ

and the gain of the circuit is calculated as: -Rƒ/Rin = 100k/10k = -10

Therefore, the closed loop gain of the inverting amplifier circuit above is given -10 or 20dB (20log(10)).

Saturday, 5 September 2020

નોઇસ ફેક્ટર અને નોઇસ ફિગર

કોઈ પણ એમ્પ્લીફાયર નો નોઇસ ફેક્ટર એ ઇનપુટ નો સિગ્નલ ટુ નોઇસ રેશિઓ અને આઉટપુટ નો સિગ્નલ ટુ નોઇસ રેશિઓ દ્વારા માપવામાં આવે છે .

તેનું સમીકરણ

અહીં સિસ્ટમ ને રૂમ ટેમ્પરેચર પર ગણવામાં આવે છે.

ઇનપુટ નો S/R રેશિઓ એ આઉટપુટ ના S/R રેશિઓ કરતા વધારે હશે. કારણ કે ઇનપુટ અને આઉટપુટ વચ્ચે એમ્પ્લીફાયર માં નોઇસ એડ થાય છે.

આમ અહીં નોઇસ ફેક્ટર એ એડ થતા નોઇસ ની વેલ્યુ બતાવે છે, જે હંમેશા ૧ કરતા વધુ છે.

નોઇસ ફેક્ટર ની આઇડલ વેલ્યુ ૧ છે.

નોઇસ ફેક્ટર એ ઘણી વખત ફ્રીક્વન્સી પર પણ આધારિત હોય છે. અહીં કોઈ એક ફ્રીક્વન્સી માટે નોઇસ ફેક્ટર માપવામાં આવે છે જે સ્પોટ નોઝ ફેક્ટર તરીકે ઓળખાય છે.

નોઇસ ફિગર

જયારે નોઇસ ફેક્ટર ને ડેસીબલ માં માપવામાં આવે તો તેને નોઇસ ફિગર કહેવાય છે.

નોઇસ ફિગર ની આઇડલ વેલ્યુ ૦ (શૂન્ય) છે

નોઇસ ફિગર ને ઈમ્પ્રુવ કરવા માટે

રીસીવર, એમલીફાયર ના કમ્પોનન્ટ અને મિક્ષર ઓછા નોઇસ ઉત્પન્ન કરે એવા સિલેક્ટ કરો
ફેટ અને ડાયોડ નો ઉપયોગ કરવો
રીસીવર ને ઓછા તાપમાન પર ઓપરેટ કરવા
વધુ ગેઇન વાળા એમ્પ્લીફાયર વાપરો